Exploring the Concept of Spiritual Intelligence: What Does It Mean?
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Chapter 1: Understanding Spiritual Intelligence
What exactly constitutes "spiritual intelligence"? This term, introduced by Robert Emmons, suggests a complex framework that underpins our personal growth. While Emmons positions spiritual intelligence as an expansion of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences, there remains a scarcity of evidence supporting the existence of distinct forms of intelligence separate from general intelligence. To validate spiritual intelligence, we must examine its alignment with evidence-based concepts. Although the term may not fully capture its essence, it could correspond with authentic aspects of human experience.
In a previous discussion, I highlighted Emmons' assertion that spiritual intelligence aims to foster intrapersonal integration, transitioning individuals from a state of fragmentation to one of unity. This integration appears to offer a cohesive structure for navigating life's complexities, particularly concerning one's inner world. Emmons seems to advocate for achieving a state of harmonious functioning, where personal desires and impulses align in a meaningful manner. This framework serves as a guiding vision for organizing one's life.
Section 1.1: Components of Spiritual Intelligence
What constitutes this proposed "intelligence" that facilitates intrapersonal integration? A significant aspect may involve crafting a comprehensive narrative that endows life with purpose, enabling individuals to perceive meaning in daily activities. The capability to relate everyday concerns to broader concepts suggests advanced abstract reasoning—essentially, the application of intelligence to life organization. Having a master plan implies the ability to harmonize personal aspirations, reflecting self-regulation, which is crucial for achieving one's goals. This self-regulatory capacity connects to established personality traits, such as conscientiousness, agreeableness, and emotional stability.
Section 1.2: The Role of Altered States of Consciousness
A fascinating addition to our understanding of intelligence and self-regulatory traits is the ability to experience altered states of consciousness. Accounts of individuals encountering "mystical" and "spiritual" experiences often highlight profound impacts on their lives. These encounters frequently elicit a strong conviction of having experienced something significant, prompting a reevaluation of life priorities. This shift in values may contribute to intrapersonal integration.
For instance, Abraham Maslow described "peak experiences" as some of the most extraordinary moments in life, characterized by intense joy and fulfillment. He posited that individuals who cherish these experiences tend to be more self-actualizing, living in a manner that promotes their full potential (Krems, Kenrick, & Neel, 2017; Wuthnow, 1978). Self-actualization aligns closely with the idea of achieving intrapersonal integration, and Emmons draws inspiration from Maslow's theories.
The first video titled "The Flow State // Spiritual Intelligence 07" explores how spiritual intelligence can enhance personal growth and emotional well-being. It delves into the connection between a flow state and achieving a harmonious life.
Chapter 2: The Influence of Peak Experiences
Research supports the notion that people who undergo peak experiences often report a heightened sense of life's meaning, increased contemplation of their purpose, and a preference for spiritual over material pursuits. Interestingly, a significant portion of individuals who experienced a peak moment indicated it had a lasting impact on their lives, despite a notable share claiming otherwise. These findings lend credence to the idea that altered states can foster intrapersonal integration and self-actualization.
The second video, "Whose holiday is it, anyway?" examines societal constructs of spirituality and personal experiences, encouraging viewers to reflect on their own spiritual journeys.
In a subsequent article, I will delve into criticisms surrounding the concept of spiritual intelligence in greater detail.
© Scott McGreal. Please do not reproduce without permission. Brief excerpts may be quoted as long as a link to the original article is provided.
Related posts:
- Psilocybin and Personality
- The Spirituality of Psychedelic Drug Users
- Troubled Souls: Spirituality as a Mental Health Hazard
- The Illusory Theory of Multiple Intelligences
References:
Chan, R., & Joseph, S. (2000). Dimensions of personality, domains of aspiration, and subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(2), 347–354. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00103-8
Emmons, R. A. (2000). Is Spirituality an Intelligence? Motivation, Cognition, and the Psychology of Ultimate Concern. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 10(1), 3–26. doi:10.1207/s15327582ijpr1001_2
Griffiths, R., Johnson, M., Richards, W., Richards, B., McCann, U., & Jesse, R. (2011). Psilocybin occasioned mystical-type experiences: immediate and persisting dose-related effects. Psychopharmacology, 218(4), 649–665. doi:10.1007/s00213–011–2358–5
Krems, J. A., Kenrick, D. T., & Neel, R. (2017). Individual Perceptions of Self-Actualization: What Functional Motives Are Linked to Fulfilling One’s Full Potential? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 0146167217713191. doi:10.1177/0146167217713191
Wuthnow, R. (1978). Peak Experiences: Some Empirical Tests. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 18(3), 59–76. doi:10.1177/002216787801800307